Relationship Between Parenting Styles And Self Esteem...

Relationship between Parenting styles and Self Esteem among Secondary School Students Maria Ashraf Malik - M.Phil Scholar, Department of Education, National University of Modern Language Islamabad, Pakistan. Mariyamalik170@gmail.com Dr. Shazia Zamir - Assistant Professor, Department of Education, National University of Modern Language Islamabad, Pakistan. Abstract: Present study was descriptive correlational in nature. It was intended to investigate the relationship between parenting styles and self-esteem. Major objective of the study was to explore the relationship between three different parenting styles (authoritative, authoritarian and permissive) with self-esteem in the context of secondary school students. A 60 item Parental Authority Questionnaire for measuring parenting style was used whereas, for the measurement of self-esteem, a self-esteem inventory consisted of 30 items was used. Sample of the study was comprised of 60 students (both male and female) studying in secondary schools located at Islamabad. Data was collected by using random sampling technique. For analysis of data descriptive statistic was used with the help of SPSS. Findings of the study revealed that there is a strong positive relationship exist between each parenting styles and self-esteem. Keywords: Authoritative Parenting Style, Authoritarian Parenting Style Permissive Parenting Style, Self Esteem, Secondary School Students. Introduction As a child born his firstShow MoreRelatedFamily Dynamics and Adolescent Conduct Disorders Among Nigerian Secondary School Students3532 Words   |  15 Pageshave conduct disorders has heightened in recent years because of the significant increase in the prevalence of deviant behaviour among students. Conduct disorder is a repetitive and persistent pattern of behaviour in which the basic rights of others or major age-appropriate societal norms or rules are violated (American Psychological Association, 2000). In Nigeria, students with conduct disorders engage in deviant behaviours such as aggression, peer cruelty, fighting, bullying or threatening othersRead MoreEffect of Gender on Self-Esteem in China1432 Words   |  6 PagesHead: VALID OR NOT Effects of Gender on Self-Esteem in China Name of Student School Abstract Six studies present varying results on the effect of gender on self-esteem. Watkins Yu (1993) found gender to have little effect on self-esteem but much on self-concept and self-satisfaction, especially among Chinese women. Zhang Leung (2002) suggested the moderating factors of gender and age in the connection between individual and collective self-esteem and life satisfaction. Their research concludedRead MoreStudent Motivation and its Effects on Student Achievement Essay2147 Words   |  9 Pagesknowledge to students, but are reflective and eager to understand their students so as to establish a culture in the classroom that supports student achievement. This paper will focus on what motivation means, how to get students motivated, and the impact of motivation on student attitude both inside and outside the classroom. Also, the paper will address the place of the parent as role model and the impact of their involvement on their children’s education. Student MotivationRead MoreEssay on The Effects of Parenting Styles on Child Outcome2101 Words   |  9 Pagescharacteristics later in life. But why is this the case? The functions that parents perform greatly influence how children develop. A tremendous amount of research has been done on the effects of parenting styles since 1966 when Diana Baumrind first published her three prototypes of parenting styles, but many parents fail to understand the power they possess in shaping the future lives of their children and the need for a responsible strategy regarding the rearing of their children. Baumrind (1967)Read Moreeffect of parenting style on the academic development of children6694 Words   |  27 PagesDictionary of contemporary English imply the father or mother of a person. It also went on to disclose its view on parenting as the skill or activity of looking after your own children. Davies (2000) opined that parenting (or child rearing is the process of promoting and supporting the physical, emotional social and intellectual development of a child from infancy to adulthood. Parenting style is a psychological contrast representing standard strategies that parents use in their child rearing (stantrockRead MoreEFFECT OF PEER PRESSURE OF STUDENTS ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN SECONDARY SCHOOL5933 Words   |  24 PagesCHAPTER TWO Introduction Peers become an important influence on behavior during adolescence, and peer pressure has been called a hallmark of an adolescent experience. Peer conformity in young people is most pronounced with respect to style, taste, appearance, ideology, and values. Peer pressure is commonly associated with episodes of adolescent risk taking (such as delinquency, drug abuse, sexual behaviors, and reckless driving) because these activities commonly occur in the company of peers. AffiliationRead MoreThe Cyberbullying Epidemic Essay2633 Words   |  11 Pagesresponsibility of parents and teachers to properly educate and monitor children. Bullying has increased throughout the nation and has spread worldwide and is affecting all types of people in the world. Bullying is becoming a rising problem in our school system and is significantly affecting the quality of education that children receive. Many people have different definitions of bullying. In an article by Olweus-Bullying Prevention Program defines bullying as â€Å"a person is bullied when he or sheRead MoreSchool and Home Factors Influence the Education of Children4177 Words   |  17 Pagesâ€Å"School and Home Factors Influence the Education of Children† In Malaysia, a formal children education begin at the age of 7, the informal education normally start as early as 3 years-old provided by their parents, nursery centre or kindergartens. Parents have choice whether to send their children to government school or private school. For the government school, children will receive free education supports from the government for at least 12 years starting from 6 years of primary school and 6Read MoreLiterature Review on Parenting Styles2477 Words   |  10 PagesA Review of Parenting Style, and Its Effects on Adolescent Smoking and School Achievement Joseph J. Lee The College of New Jersey Author Note This literature review was completed as an assignment for an Introduction to Counseling class at The College of New Jersey under Dr. Atsuko Seto. The use of correct APA format in both citations and general formatting, although has been evaluated prior to being turned in for grading, is not guaranteed. I would like to thank Dr. Seto and the entire CounselorRead MoreInflence of Parental Monitoring on Adolescent Decision Making9466 Words   |  38 Pagesopenly to teenagers about different aspects of relationships, by discussing the potential long-term implication of early sexual involvement, and by teaching adolescents to think critically about what they see and hear, parents can empower their teens to deal with challenges and adverse influences. CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION Adolescence is frequently described as a time of engaging in risk-taking behaviors. In 1996, 45 percent of high school senior students reported having tried marijuana, 30 percent

Minimum Wage Is The Minimum Amount Of Compensation An...

According to investopedia.com, â€Å"minimum wage is the minimum amount of compensation an employee must receive for performing labor. Minimum wages are typically established by contract or legislation by the government. As such, it is illegal to pay an employee.† The minimum wage is something that many people start off when commencing their own dependent life. Many lower classes depend on the minimum wage so that they can feed their families and try to live a prosperous life. The minimum wage in the United States can be underestimated, and many do not view it as an important role in the economy. The minimum wage in the U.S should be raised due to the positive effects it may have on the labor workers, the increase in productivity, and the benefits it may bring to minimum wage workers. Minimum wages are a very important aspect when it comes to evaluating the economic health of a country. The minimum wage is the one detail in a country’s economy in which many low class fa milies take into consideration. There are many families that struggle with having to buy groceries and being able to purchase items that the children require for schooling. As mentioned earlier on, the minimum wage is a substance in which many people of America live off of and hope for an increase in pay. Humans are constructed from proteins, carbon, and other scientific elements, but not require money as to make one human. The need for money in one’s life has increased over the course on this nation’s existence.Show MoreRelatedShould We Be Living Their Life? Essay1507 Words   |  7 Pagescurrently work in restaurants and other places of business within the food industry are demanding higher compensations without knowing the negative repercussions that could arise and take effect. It was recently discovered that, in 2014, around 71% of Americans favored an increase in minimum wages, yet less than half knew or understood the positive and negative effects that came wit h higher wages (procon.org). That is a very striking statistic and goes to show that people need to be educated beforeRead MoreTexas Labor Code Anti Discrimination Provisions1467 Words   |  6 Pagespeople who are infected. If companies are found to be in violation of these laws they can be held liable both locally and federally (Fox Davenport, 2013). To a small company being sued on this level can mean the end for a small company do to the amount of fines that can be levied on this company. The Texas Commission on Human Rights Act The Texas Commission on Human Rights Act or TCHRA is the state of Texas’ version of Title VII, prohibiting employment discrimination based on race, color, religionRead MoreState and Federal Systems of Government Essay1705 Words   |  7 Pagesand protect s employees from employers retaliation for exercising our rights under the laws or reporting violations to the proper authorities. As Bennett and Hartman explain, these laws Â…seek to make the power relationship between employer and employee one that is fair and equitable (Employment Law for Business, pg. 88). Employers have to adhere to these basic laws to stay out of court. In this paper I will describe how the federal and state systems of government differ in their application ofRead MoreThe Case Of Martinez V. Reemployment Assistance969 Words   |  4 PagesUnemployment compensation, currently renamed to Reemployment Assistance, is a mandated public benefit for eligible employees. Employers are required to pay unemp loyment insurance to help cover the costs of unemployment payments when employees are terminated. Business Legal Resources (2013) reviews the case of Martinez v. Reemployment Assistance Appeals Commission, Fla, which brought to light that the employer was not properly compensating Martinez according the the Fair Labor Standards Act byRead More The FLSA: Exempt Vs. Non-exempt Employees Essay903 Words   |  4 Pagessuch as overtime, minimum wages, child labor protections and equal pay. The Fair Labor Standards Act is a long and extensive document in and of itself. It defines many exceptions and exemptions. For purposes of this paper the portion of the FLSA that will be concentrated on is the difference between exempt and non-exempt employees.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Let’s begin by defining exempt and non-exempt. Non-exempt employees are those that are paid on an hourly basis and receive overtime compensation at one and one-halfRead MoreDetermining The Cost Per Hour Difference Between A Minimum Wage1183 Words   |  5 Pagesdifference between a minimum wage employee working 40 hours per week for 52 weeks located in Cornwall, Ontario and Pittsburgh Pennsylvania. The result of this report will be used for the establishment of a new distribution centre. All the elements of employee’s salary in the city of Cornwall and Pittsburgh will be covered in this report. The report will make the use of exchange rate for comparing the difference in wages in two countries now and after the completion of 5 yrs. An employee working anywhereRead MoreIndividual Employment Opportunity Act An Employer1587 Words   |  7 PagesCompensation is one of the most important aspects of business. It attracts, motivates, and retains skilled employees; therefore, evaluating compensation correctly to meet the needs of the business and satisfy the wants of the employee is also extremely important. The aspects that Echo Inc. should consider when evaluating their compensation practices are the different limitations placed on pay, the benefits that are required by the government, optional benefits, and the different pay for performanceRead MoreBenefits And Benefits Of Employee Compensation1395 Words   |  6 PagesEmployee compensation is all forms of pay and rewards which are received by employees for completing their job duties as outlined by their employer. Compensation is classified two ways, direct and indirect compensation. Direct compensation covers wages and salaries, bonuses, commissions and incenti ves. With indirect compensation, benefits are supplied by employers, and nonfinancial compensation includes recognition, rewarding jobs, and flexible work hours in order to accommodate each person’s ownRead MoreCase Study : Compensation And Walmart1291 Words   |  6 Pages Case Study 4: Compensation and Walmart Introduction Not too long ago, Wal-Mart was displayed in Fortune’s top 10 admired corporations. Wal-Mart’s founder, Mr. Sam Walton, built the company with the intent to please the community and the employees, and establish a strong corporation. His philosophy was based on innovative systematic strategies and approaches geared toward decision-making and improving the business. In recent years, there has been a decline in the corporation’s reputation, dueRead MoreLegal Aspects of Compensation and Industrial Relations1665 Words   |  7 PagesLEGAL ASPECTS OF COMPENSATION AND INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS Indian labor laws are the laws that regulate employment. These are broadly divided into 5 categories: working conditions, industrial relations, wages, welfare and social securities. Under the Constitution of India, Labor is a subject in the Concurrent List where both the Central amp; State Governments are competent to enact legislation subject to certain matters being reserved for the Centre. The Ministry of Labor and Employment has the responsibility

Invented Tradition free essay sample

Generally tradition is known as a mode of thought or behavior which has been followed or practice by people continuously from generation to generation such as custom or usage. In purpose to strengthen the above statement, by citing the general definition of the tradition, Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka Dictionary of the fourth edition explains tradition is a common, customs, beliefs and other have perpetual succession. The of term tradition (English word) is derived from the Latin word ‘traditio’, the noun from the verb traderer or tradere literally meaning to transmit, to hand over or to give for safekeeping. While it is commonly assumed that traditions have ancient history, there are many traditions that have been invented on purpose, whether that be political or cultural [Wikipedia, 2011]. There are various views expressed by scholars and academic figures on the tradition in a society based on the eyes and fundamentalism that dominated their thinking. For instance, Eric Hobsbawm is one of Britain’s most prominent historians with his view of tradition and identity. However, he has a different perception on the meaning of tradition and this led him introduced the term of ‘invention of tradition’. According to Hobsbawm in his book entitled The Invention of Tradition (1983), tradition is something that can be constructed and institutionalized unlike the ordinary definition who thought tradition is something that the practice of generations in a society. Hobsbawm also argued that the new traditions were invented to connect people to the territories and to give sense of belonging to each other. In Europe, time of inventing tradition was took place around the 19th century. By inventing tradition, the nation will gained its legitimacy in order to build a modern nation-state. In other words, we can say that the new invented traditions enhances patriotism, loyalty, duty and the like which their function can be summarizing into three parts. Firstly as to establish or symbolize cohesion or the membership of groups; secondly, to legitimize institutions, status or relations of authority and lastly is to create beliefs, value systems and conventions of behavior. Almost all countries throughout the world create their own traditions in order to express their culture as well as specialized it from outside communities. Amongst them, Malaysia is not exception in creating its own tradition too. There are many invented tradition in Malaysia either as a whole or by the existing ethnic group. For instance, one of the most popular invented tradition among Malaysian is open house which usually held during the festive season. Besides, there are also another invented tradition that have been practice by people of Malaysia such as wearing a school uniform, wearing Batik, honor to national flag and so on. My first point on the invented tradition in Malaysia is open house. The term open house can be defined as a place or situation in which all visitors are welcome. Pursuant to the Macmillan Dictionary (2007), the term is also referred as a period of time when people are encouraged to visit a place and it is a party which we invite people to come whenever they want to during a particular time period. The reason I look open house as an invented tradition in my country because this event will be held at every festival celebration celebrated by the people of Malaysia. This is because it has become a tradition or the yearly event to Malaysia government to implement an open house nationally either during the celebration of Hari Raya, Chinese New year, Deepavali and Christmas with the hope of uniting all communities in Malaysia in order to build the country as a nation-state. The second point of the invented tradition that I have found in Malaysian culture is wearing a school uniform for student. As we know, wearing school uniforms to school whether primary or secondary school is seen as one of the ducational tradition which grew from the days before independence in which it was introduced by the British, who ruled at that time. This tradition has been going on for almost 185 years since the establishment of the first Malay school in Malaya that is Gelugor Malay School, 1826. This tradition clearly invented and constructed by the British and later institutionalized by the Malaysian government through the Ministry of Education as one of obligation to each student who go to school [Tradition is an invented, constructed and institutionalized]. The purpose of the institutionalized this invented tradition is to nurture a discipline among the student and based on it we can bring forth a new generation with the ideal personality in leading the nation in future. Next invented tradition is wearing Batik among the public employees. In an effort to elevate the art of batik as a national heritage, the political authorities of Malaysia had voiced a strong wish that all public employees should wear batik at work at least one day every week [Batik at the Millennial Turn]. Because of that, on Thursday weekly, each public employee is encouraged to wear batik themed. By adjusting the characteristics of formal wear, it has become a correct attire for man at formal occasions like a long-sleeved batik shirt. With the elevate the art of batik as a one of Malaysia national heritage, our artistic heritage left by ancestors will remain protected. My final point on the invented tradition that available in my country is honor to our national flag which also known as Jalur Gemilang. Despite the splendor of the Jalur Gemilang, there were the meanings of itself. As an example, each color in it, has its own meaning such as blue field symbolizes the unity of the Malaysian people while the fourteen bands represent the federal government and a group of thirteen states [Malaysian Flag]. I tend to say this is a invented tradition because after my country getting independence from the colonialist, it become a tradition to most of the Malaysian to flying Jalur Gemilang especially when there comes the month of independence which is mid of August and during National Day celebrations till the formation day of Malaysia which is called Hari Malaysia on September 16th. This is one of the way we as Malaysians to show our love for the country. Lastly, as a whole we can conclude that Hobsbawm thinking on the concept of tradition is particularly helpful in understanding the cultural development of the society. His idea of critical and thoughtful is seen critical and constructive by saying that the tradition in a society can be invented, constructed and institutionalized by certain parties to achieve their own objectives. As we could see, there are many invented tradition in Malaysia which have its own aim to achieve on her way to set up a nation-state.

The Theater of Dr. Fear Review Essay Example

The Theater of Dr. Fear Review Paper Essay on The Theater of Dr. Fear I can not single out some one piece of the collection. Although, from the Conclave Dead some stories seemed to me quite old fashioned, but thats why theyre old English horror, is not it? It should be noted that the Little People is somewhat out of the loop This work is more like science fiction than horror. But the horror in it, of course, is present, but not mysterious, and quite tangible and real. Suppose that the action takes place in Ireland, but the ghostly events associated with World War II and the Nazis Theater of Fear doctor grabbed me by its composition, it is a few short stories in one and each of them is characterized by its main idea, unlike on the other. In addition, all 6 appearing characters are distinguished by their uncommon. As fate they were all in a compartment of the train, next to Bradley. Sandor Shrek doctor of metaphysics, Jim Dawson architect, Biff Bailey musician, Franklin Marsh the famous art historian and critic, Bob Carroll a doctor and Bill Rogers, a profession which is not mentioned, but it has a happy family, with whom he soon while it is going on vacation. The name Shrek German and means fear and their Tarot cards doctor was referred to as the Theater of Horrors. And each one of those present in the compartment, he offers to know your future We will write a custom essay sample on The Theater of Dr. Fear Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Theater of Dr. Fear Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Theater of Dr. Fear Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In the novel The Ghost Pirates action takes place on a ship called Mortzestus, which in the port of Frisco were told quite suspicious history. But, despite this, a sailor named Jessop hired his team. The first two weeks on the ship went smoothly and without incident, so the whole team is more and more inclined to think that all the stories about Mortzestuse nothing more than rumors. But as soon as all have become accustomed to the idea, the ship began to happen strange things The situation becomes more and more, at the end of the novel it reaches its peak. The collection is addressed to everyone who appreciates and loves classic English horror .